pied piping - When to use 'which' or 'in which' or 'that' (as relative pronouns)?

I am confused about when to use: 'which' vs 'in which' vs or 'that'?

Would you please explain it as a writing rule? Here I have an example:

Authors reported shortened growth period and slower radial growth rate for low soil water potential which is directly attributed to the decrease in water potential, rather than to the constraints on carbon availability.